JKSSB EXAMS JK BOOKLET STUDY MATERIAL
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SPECIAL BOOKLET ON JAMMU & KASHMIR (Prepared by: ENGINEER SHARIQ)
CONTENTS:
- 1. Special Points About J&K
- 2. Formation of J&K State
- 3. Dogra Rule (1846 – 1947)
- 4. Physiography & Important Power Projects
- 5. Important Lakes & Rivers
- 6. Historic Places
- 7. Mountains, Passes & Glaciers
- 8. Wildlife, Art, Culture, Language & Festivals.
- 9. Famous Personalities And Ministers (PM’s CM’s & GOV’s)
- 10. Constitution Of Jammu & Kashmir.
- 11. Objective Type Questions.
SPECIAL POINTS ABOUT J&K
- Formation | By Maharaja Gulab Singh on 16 March 1846.
- Location | 33.7782° N, 76.5762° E
- Capital | Srinagar (Summer), Jammu (Winter)
- Area(previous) | 2,22236 sq km.(State)
- Area(current) | 42,241 sq km.(UT)
- Seats (previous) | Lokh Sabha 06 and Rajya Sabha 04
- Seats(current) | Lokh Sabha 05 and Rajya Sabha 04
- Population(S) | 1.25 crores
- Sex ratio | 889
- Literacy | 68.74%
- State | Animal Hangul
- State Bird | Black-necked crane
- Official Language | Urdu
- J&K High Court | 26 March 1928
- J&K Bank | 1 October 1938
- Highest Population | Jammu District.
- Highest Literacy | Jammu District.
- Highest Sex Ratio | Kulgam District.
- Lowest Literacy | Ramban District.
- First PM | Mehr Chand Mahajan.
- First CM | Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq.
- First Governor | Karan Singh.
- Last Governor | S.P MALIK.
- Last PM | Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq.
- Union Territory | Since 31 October 2019
- Int. Boundaries | China & Afghanistan
- State Tree + Flower | Chinar and Lotus
FORMATION OF J&K STATE
- Formed in 1846 by Maharaja Gulab Singh under the Treaty of Amritsar 1846.
- The Treaty of Amritsar, executed by the British East India Company and Raja Gulab Singh of Jammu after the First Anglo-Sikh War, established the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir.
- Under this treaty Maharaja Gulab Singh paid 75 lakh Rupees to British.
- Signatories’ of Treaty were H. Hardinge, F. Currie, H. M. Lawrence & Gulab Singh.
- The Instrument of Accession is a legal document executed by Maharaja Hari Singh, ruler of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, on 26 October 1947. By executing this document under the provisions of the Indian Independence Act 1947, Maharaja Hari Singh agreed to accede to the Dominion of India.
- Akbar annexed Kashmir in 1586.
DOGRA RULE (1846 – 1947)
- The dogra dynasty was a dynasty of Hindu Rajputs who ruled the state of Jammu and Kashmir from 1846 – 1947.
- Founder of Dogra Rule in Jammu & Kashmir is Maharaja Gulab Singh.
- Zorawar Singh was the General of Maharaja Gulab Singh.
- Gulab Singh was made the raja of Jammu by Maharaja Ranjit Singh on 16 June 1822.
- Finally Gulab Singh became the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir on 16 March 1846 and J&K state came into existence.
MAHARAJA GULAB SINGH
- Gulab Singh was born on 17 October 1792 in a Dogra Rajput family.
- His father was Mian Kishore Singh Jamwal. He joined the army of Ranjit Singh in 1809.
- Kishore Singh died in 1822 and Gulab Singh was confirmed as Raja of Jammu by his suzerain, Ranjit Singh.
- After signing the Treaty of Amritsar 1846, he became the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir.
- Ruled from 1846 – 1856.
- Reorganized jagirdari system.
- Revoked revenue free grants.
- Regularized Shali system.
MAHARAJA RANBIR SINGH
- Ranbir Singh ascended the throne in 1856 after Gulab Singh's abdication due to his poor health.
- He allied with the British during the Sepoy Mutiny.
- The princely states of Hunza and Nagar started paying tributes to Jammu and Kashmir during his reign.
- Ruled from 1856 – 1885.
- 1856 – 1885 reign is considered as progressive and peaceful.
- Introduced civil and criminal code of law.
- Established postal and telecommunication services in the entire state.
- Established law for cheaper and faster justice.
MAHARAJA PRATAP SINGH
- Ascended the throne of Jammu and Kashmir in 1885.
- British interference with the state intensified during his reign.
- British resident established in the state.
- He was viewed as incompetent by the British rule and divested of powers by British government in 1889.
- A state council was formed during his reign that exercises its powers under the resident.
MAHARAJA HARI SINGH
- Ascended the throne of Jammu and Kashmir in 1925.
- Before ascending the throne he was the important member of state council
- Established state subject in Jammu and Kashmir.
PHYSIOGRAPHY OF J&K
- J&K is bounded on north by China, east by Tibet, south Pakistan.
- Geographically this state was divided into four zones – the mountains and semi Mountains plain known as Kandit belt, Siwalik ranges, mountains of Kashmir valley and Pir Panjal ranges and Tibetan tract of Ladakh and Kargil.
- The climate of the state varies from tropical in Jammu plains to semi arctic cold in Ladakh with Kashmir and Jammu mountain tracts having temperate climatic conditions.
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